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langs: 31 июля [ru] / july 31 [en] / 31. juli [de] / 31 juillet [fr] / 31 luglio [it] / 31 de julio [es]

days: july 28 / july 29 / july 30 / july 31 / august 1 / august 2 / august 3

Cosmonaut / Cosmonaut


#1 Gordon Cooper

Leroy Gordon " Gordo " Cooper Jr. (March 6, 1927   – October 4, 2004) was an American aerospace engineer , test pilot , United States Air Force pilot , and the youngest of the seven original astronauts in Project Mercury , the first human space program of the United States. Cooper learned to fly as

#2 James Irwin

James Benson Irwin (March 17, 1930   – August 8, 1991) was an American astronaut , aeronautical engineer , test pilot , and a United States Air Force pilot . He served as Apollo Lunar Module pilot for Apollo 15 , the fourth human lunar landing. He was the eighth person to walk on the Moon and the fi

#3 Alan Shepard

Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. (November 18, 1923   – July 21, 1998) was an American astronaut , naval aviator , test pilot , and businessman. In 1961, he became the second person and the first American to travel into space, and in 1971, he walked on the Moon . American astronaut (1923–1998), first Ameri

#4 Douglas H. Wheelock

Douglas Harry "Wheels" Wheelock (born May 5, 1960) is an American engineer and astronaut . He has flown in space twice, logging 178 days on the Space Shuttle , International Space Station , and Russian Soyuz . On July 12, 2011, Wheelock announced that he would be returning to active duty with the Un

#5 Koichi Wakata

Koichi Wakata ( 若田 光一 , Wakata Kōichi , born 1 August 1963) is a Japanese engineer and a JAXA astronaut . Wakata is a veteran of four NASA Space Shuttle missions, a Russian Soyuz mission, and a long-duration stay on the International Space Station . [1] During a nearly two-decade career in spaceflig

#6 Andrew M. Allen

Andrew Michael "Andy" Allen (born 4 August 1955) is a retired American astronaut . A former Marine aviator and lieutenant colonel , he worked as a test pilot before joining NASA in 1987. He flew three Space Shuttle missions before retiring in 1997. [1] American astronaut (born 1955) This biography o

#7 Christopher Cassidy

Christopher John "Chris" Cassidy (born January 4, 1970) is a retired NASA astronaut and United States Navy SEAL . Chris Cassidy achieved the rank of captain in the U.S. Navy . His first spaceflight was on a Space Shuttle mission in 2009. He was the Chief of the Astronaut Office at NASA from July 201

#8 Denis Matveev

Denis Vladimirovich Matveev (Russian Cyrillic : Денис Владимирович Матвеев; born April 25, 1983, in Leningrad , RSFSR , now St. Petersburg , Russia ) is a Russian cosmonaut . Russian cosmonaut (born 1983) Denis Vladimirovich Matveev Denis Matveev at JSC Born ( 1983-04-25 ) 25 April 1983 (age   39) L

#9 David Wolf (astronaut)

David Alexander Wolf (born August 23, 1956) is an American astronaut, medical doctor and electrical engineer . [1] Wolf has been to space four times. Three of his spaceflights were short-duration Space Shuttle missions, the first of which was STS-58 in 1993, and his most recent spaceflight was STS-1

#10 Franco Malerba

Franco Egidio Malerba (born 10 October 1946 in Busalla , Metropolitan City of Genoa , Italy) is an Italian astronaut and Member of the European Parliament . He was the first citizen of Italy to travel to space. In 1994, he was elected to the European Parliament on the lists of Forza Italia, serving

#11 Mark L. Polansky

Mark Lewis " Roman " Polansky (born June 2, 1956, in Paterson, New Jersey ) is an American aerospace engineer and research pilot and a former NASA astronaut . Polansky received the nickname "Roman" as a joke, because he shares a last name with director Roman Polanski . He flew on three Space Shuttle

#12 Jeffrey A. Hoffman

Jeffrey Alan Hoffman (born November 2, 1944) is an American former NASA astronaut and currently a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT . American former NASA astronaut (born 1944) For the baseball player, see Jeff Hoffman . Jeffrey Alan Hoffman Born ( 1944-11-02 ) November 2, 1944 (age  

#13 Robert Michael White

Robert Michael "Bob" White (July 6, 1924 – March 17, 2010) ( Maj Gen , USAF ) [2] was an American electrical engineer , test pilot , fighter pilot , and astronaut . [3] [4] He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15 , an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the Air Force and

#14 Phạm Tuân

Phạm Tuân ( [faːm˧ˀ˨ʔ twɜn˨˩] born 14 February 1947) is a retired Vietnam Air Force aviator and cosmonaut . He became the first Vietnamese citizen and the first person from an Asian country to fly in space when he launched aboard the Soyuz 37 mission as an Interkosmos Research Cosmonaut. [1] [2] He

#15 Tim Peake

Major Timothy Nigel “Tim” Peake CMG (born 7 April 1972) is a British Army Air Corps officer, European Space Agency astronaut [3] and a former International Space Station (ISS) crew member. British Army Air Corps officer and astronaut Tim Peake CMG HonFIET Official NASA portrait photograph, taken in

#16 Thomas Marshburn

Thomas Henry Marshburn (born August 29, 1960) is an American physician and a NASA astronaut . He is a veteran of three spaceflights to the International Space Station . [1] [2] American physician and NASA astronaut Thomas Marshburn Born Thomas Henry Marshburn ( 1960-08-29 ) August 29, 1960 (age   62

#17 Pratiwi Sudarmono

Pratiwi Pujilestari Sudarmono (born 31 July 1952) is an Indonesian scientist. She is currently a professor of microbiology at the University of Indonesia , Jakarta . Indonesian scientist Pratiwi Sudarmono Born 31 July 1952 Bandung Status Retired Nationality Indonesian Occupation Scientist Space care

#18 Marsha Ivins

Marsha Sue Ivins (born April 15, 1951) is an American retired astronaut and a veteran of five Space Shuttle missions. American astronaut This article includes a list of general references , but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations . ( April 2021 ) Marsha Sue Ivins Ivins in 1996 Born (

#19 Shane Kimbrough

Robert Shane Kimbrough (born June 4, 1967) is a retired United States Army officer and NASA astronaut . He was part of the first group of candidates selected for NASA astronaut training following the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster . Kimbrough is a veteran of three spaceflights, the first being a Sp


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Museum / Museum


#1 Museu Aeroespacial

Museu Aeroespacial is a national aviation museum located in the West Side of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in the Administrative Region of Realengo. The place is known as "the Brazilian Aviation cradle". [1] Aviation museum in Campo dos Afonsos, Brazil Museu Aeroespacial Established 18 October 1976 Locatio


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Spacecraft / Spacecraft


#1 STS-115

STS-115 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Atlantis . It was the first assembly mission to the ISS after the Columbia disaster , following the two successful Return to Flight missions, STS-114 and STS-121 . STS-115 launched from LC-39B at the

#2 ARGOS (satellite)

The Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite ( ARGOS ) was launched on 23 February 1999 carrying nine payloads for research and development missions by nine separate researchers. The mission terminated on 31 July 2003. Not to be confused with Argos (satellite system) . ARGOS Artist's rendi

#3 Mariner 6 and 7

Mariner 6 and Mariner 7 ( Mariner Mars 69A and Mariner Mars 69B ) were two unmanned NASA robotic spacecraft that completed the first dual mission to Mars in 1969 as part of NASA's wider Mariner program . Mariner 6 was launched from Launch Complex 36B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station [3] and Marin

#4 Progress M-23M

Progress M-23M ( Russian : Прогресс М-23М ), identified by NASA as Progress 55P , is a Progress spacecraft used by Roskosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) during 2014. [2] Progress M-23M was launched on a six-hours rendezvous profile towards the ISS. The 23rd Progress-M 11F615A60

#5 Ranger 7

Ranger 7 was the first space probe of the United States to successfully transmit close images of the lunar surface back to Earth. It was also the first completely successful flight of the Ranger program . Launched on July 28, 1964, Ranger 7 was designed to achieve a lunar-impact trajectory and to tr

#6 T11 (satellite)

T11 , formerly known as DirecTV-11, is a Boeing model 702 satellite built by the Boeing Satellite Development Center . Its current name was adopted in 2017. [1] T11 Operator DirecTV COSPAR ID 2008-013A SATCAT no. 32729 Mission duration Elapsed: 14   years, 6   months, 14   days Spacecraft properties

#7 Prichal (ISS module)

Prichal nodal module also known as Uzlovoy Module or UM ( Russian : Узловой Модуль "Причал" , Nodal Module Berth ) [1] is a Russian spacecraft which is part of the International Space Station (ISS). It was approved in 2011 and was launched on 24 November 2021, at 13:06:35 UTC , atop Progress M-UM ,

#8 STS-114

STS-114 was the first "Return to Flight" Space Shuttle mission following the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster . Discovery launched at 10:39 EDT (14:39 UTC ), 26 July 2005. The launch, 907 days (approx. 29 months) after the loss of Columbia , was approved despite unresolved fuel sensor anomalies in th

#9 Compass-IGSO1

Compass-IGSO1 , also known as Beidou-2 IGSO1 is a Chinese navigation satellite which will become part of the Compass navigation system . It was launched in July 2010, and became the fifth Compass satellite to be launched after Compass-M1 , G2 , G1 , and G3 . Chinese navigation satellite Compass-IGSO

#10 Progress M-32

Progress M-32 ( Russian : Прогресс M-32 ) was a Russian unmanned Progress cargo spacecraft, which was launched in July 1996 to resupply the Mir space station. Russian cargo spacecraft Progress M-32 A Progress-M spacecraft Mission type Mir resupply COSPAR ID 1996-043A SATCAT no. 24071 [1] Spacecraft

#11 Salyut 6

Salyut 6 ( Russian : Салют-6 ; lit. Salute 6 ), DOS-5 , was a Soviet orbital space station , the eighth station of the Salyut programme . It was launched on 29 September 1977 by a Proton rocket . Salyut 6 was the first space station to receive large numbers of crewed and uncrewed spacecraft for huma

#12 STS-46

STS-46 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using Space Shuttle Atlantis and was launched on July 31, 1992 and landed on August 8, 1992 . 1992 American crewed spaceflight to deploy EURECA and TSS-1 STS-46 Atlantis ' s Canadarm grapples the European Space Agency 's EURECA satellite, prior to its deployme

#13 Progress MS-12

Progress MS-12 ( Russian : Прогресс МC-12 ), Russian production No.442, identified by NASA as Progress 73P , was a Progress spaceflight operated by Roscosmos to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). [3] This was the 164th flight of a Progress spacecraft. 2019 Russian resupply spaceflight t

#14 Soyuz 36

Soyuz 36 ( Russian : Союз 36 , Union 36 ) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station . It was the 11th mission to and ninth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 36 crew were the first to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew. [2] Soyuz 36 COSPAR ID

#15 STS-127

STS-127 ( ISS assembly flight 2J/A ) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). [1] It was the twenty-third flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour . The primary purpose of the STS-127 mission was to deliver and install the final two components of the Japanese Experiment Mo

#16 SOLRAD 6

SOLRAD (SOLar RADiation) 6 (also called SOLRAD 6A) was the sixth solar X-ray monitoring satellite in the United States Navy 's SOLRAD series, the third in the series to successfully orbit. It was launched along with POPPY 2 , an ELINT surveillance package, as well as three other satellites, boosted

#17 European Retrievable Carrier

The European Retrievable Carrier ( EURECA ) was an unmanned 4.5- tonne satellite with 15 experiments. [2] It was a European Space Agency (ESA) mission and the acronym was derived from Archimedes ' bathtub revelation " Eureka! ". European Retrievable Carrier EURECA deployment in 1992 Mission type Mat

#18 Soyuz 35

Soyuz 35 ( Russian : Союз 35 , Union 35 ) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station . It was the 10th mission to and eighth successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 35 crew were the fourth long-duration crew to man the space station. [1] Soyuz 35 COSPAR ID 198

#19 Soyuz TM-19

Soyuz TM-19 was a crewed Soyuz spaceflight to Mir . It launched on 1 July 1994, at 12:24:50 UTC . [3] 1994 Russian crewed spaceflight to Mir This article needs additional citations for verification . ( December 2013 ) Soyuz TM-19 Mission type Mir crew transport Operator Rosaviakosmos COSPAR ID 1994-

#20 Soyuz TM-23

Soyuz TM-23 was a Soyuz spaceflight which launched on February 21, 1996, to Mir . [1] The spacecraft launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome , and after two days of flight, Yuri Onufrienko and Yury Usachov docked with Mir and became the 21st resident crew of the Station. [1] On September 2, 1996, after 19


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