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Igor Petrovich Volk (Russian: Игорь Петрович Волк, Ukrainian: Ігор Петрович Волк; 12 April 1937 – 3 January 2017) was a Soviet test pilot and cosmonaut in the Buran programme.

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Igor Volk
Volk in 2008
Born	Igor Petrovich Volk (1937-04-12)12 April 1937 Zmiiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukrainian SSR, USSR
Died	3 January 2017(2017-01-03) (aged 79) Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Education	Kirovograd Military Aviation School of Pilots (1956) Fedotov Test Pilot School (1965) Moscow Aviation Institute (1969)
Occupation	test pilot, cosmonaut
Years active	1956 – 2016
Employer	Gromov Flight Research Institute (1965-2002)
Notable work	MiG-21I testbed maiden flight
Awards	Hero of the Soviet Union Honoured Test Pilot of the USSR
Space career
Cosmonaut
Time in space	11d 19h 14min
Selection	Air Force Group 5
Missions	Soyuz T-12
Signature

Military and test pilot

Volk became a pilot in the Soviet Air Forces in 1956. After graduation from the Fedotov Test Pilot School in 1965, he has joined the Gromov Flight Research Institute.[1][2] He logged over 7000 flight hours in over 80 different aircraft types. Over the years, he flew on all types of Soviet fighters, bombers, and transport aircraft. He showed outstanding abilities in complex tests of various airplanes at critical angles of attack, stall, and spin. He was the first who tested aircraft behavior at high super-critical angles of attack (around 90°) and performed aerobatics such as the "cobra" maneuver.[3]

Space program

Igor Volk was selected as a cosmonaut on 12 July 1977 and subsequently assigned to the Buran programme. As part of his preparations for a space shuttle flight, he also accomplished test-flights with Buran's counterpart OK-GLI aircraft.

In July 1984, Volk flew aboard Soyuz T-12, intended to give him some experience in space. With Volks's participation as Research Cosmonaut on the 7th expedition to Salyut 7, one goal of the mission was to evaluate the effects of long-duration spaceflight on a pilot skills and ability to fly and land an aeroplane safely (in order to prove Volk's ability to control Space Shuttle Buran atmospheric segment of flight).[3] At the time of the Soyuz T-12 mission the Buran program was still a state secret. The appearance of Volk as a crew member caused some, including the British Interplanetary Society magazine Spaceflight, to ask why a test pilot was occupying a Soyuz seat usually reserved for researchers or foreign cosmonauts.[4]

After his orbital flight, Volk served as the head of pilot-cosmonaut training department for the Buran program and later (after the project's cancellation) worked for the Gromov Flight Research Institute as a Flight Tests Deputy Chief before retiring in 1996. He previously served as President of the National Aero Club of Russia and Vice President of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. As recognition for his contributions as a test pilot and cosmonaut he was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union on 29 July 1984.

Other accomplishments

Volk was also an inventor and was planning a new four-person concept flying car, called the Lark-4 which takes off and lands at 45 km/h (28 mph) using a 27-meter (89 ft) runway.^{[citation needed]} It consumes 11 litres (3 gallons) of fuel for every 100 km (62 mi) traveled and cruises at around 637 km/h (396 mph).^{[citation needed]}

Personal life

Volk was married and had two children. He died on 3 January 2017 while on holiday in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. He is buried together with his daughter at the Bykovskoye Memorial Cemetery in Zhukovsky.[5]

Honours and awards

• Hero of the Soviet Union
• Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR
• Honoured Test Pilot of the USSR
• Zhukovsky Honorary Citizen
• Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" 4th class
• Order of Lenin
• Order of the Red Banner of Labour
• Order of Friendship of Peoples
• Medal "For Merit in Space Exploration"

Memory

Bust of Igor Volk is installed at Solnechnaya Street in the city of Zhukovsky.[6]

References

External links

• Detailed biography of Igor Volk
• Biography at Astronautix

На других языках

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[de] Igor Petrowitsch Wolk

Igor Petrowitsch Wolk (russisch И́горь Петро́вич Волк, wiss. Transliteration Igor' Petrovič Volk; * 12. April 1937 in Smijiw, Oblast Charkow, Ukrainische SSR; † 3. Januar 2017 in Plovdiv, Bulgarien) war ein Pilot und sowjetischer Kosmonaut. Wolk führte als Kommandant gemeinsam mit Rimantas Stankevičius, welcher als Pilot fungierte, die ersten atmosphärischen Flüge des Buran-Prototyps OK-GLI durch.

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- [en] Igor Volk

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[fr] Igor Volk

Igor Petrovitch Volk (en russe : И́горь Петро́вич Волк) est un cosmonaute soviétique puis russe, né le 12 avril 1937 à Zmiïv en RSS d'Ukraine (Union soviétique) et mort le 3 janvier 2017[1].

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[it] Ihor Petrovyč Volk

Ihor Petrovyč Volk (in ucraino: Ігор Петрович Волк?, in russo: Игорь Петрович Волк?, traslitterato: Igor' Petrovič Volk; Zmiïv, 12 aprile 1937 – 3 gennaio 2017) è stato un cosmonauta e pilota collaudatore sovietico.

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[ru] Волк, Игорь Петрович

И́горь Петро́вич Волк (12 апреля 1937, Змиёв, Харьковская область, Украинская ССР, СССР — 3 января 2017, Пловдив, Болгария[2][3]) — лётчик-космонавт СССР, Герой Советского Союза, заслуженный лётчик-испытатель СССР, полковник (1987).

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