Kosmos 782 (in Russian: Бион 3, Космос 782, or Bion 3) was a Bion satellite. It carried 14 experiments prepared by seven countries in all, with participation from scientists in France, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, United States and the Soviet Union.

Kosmos 782 / Bion 3

On display at the Moscow Space Museum, the circular viewport was installed for display purposes.
Names	Бион 3 Космос 782 Bion 3 Biocosmos 3 Biokosmos 3
Mission type	Bioscience
Operator	Institute of Biomedical Problems
COSPAR ID	1975-110A [1]
SATCAT no.	08450
Mission duration	19.5 days
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Bion 3
Bus	Zenit
Manufacturer	TsSKB
Launch mass	6,000 kg (13,000 lb)
Dry mass	3,100 kg (6,800 lb) [2]
Start of mission
Launch date	25 November 1975, 14:00:00 UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-U 11A511U
Launch site	Plesetsk, Site 43/3
Contractor	TsSKB
End of mission
Disposal	Recovered
Landing date	15 December 1975, 04:48 UTC [3]
Landing site	52°17′N 64°11′E Near Amankaragaj, Kazakhstan, Soviet Union
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit[4]
Regime	Low Earth orbit
Perigee altitude	226 km (140 mi)
Apogee altitude	405 km (252 mi)
Inclination	62.8°
Period	90.5 minutes
Bion programme ← Bion 2 Bion 4 →

Launch and return

Launched from Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 25 November 1975, at 14:00:00 UTC. The biosatellite was recovered near Amankaragaj, in Kazakhstan, Soviet Union, on 15 December 1975 after 19.5 days.

Mission

It included a centrifuge with revolving and fixed sections in which identical groups of animals, plants, and cells could be compared. The subject animals included white rats and tortoises. The effects of aging on fruit fly livers and plant tissues with grafted cancerous growths were also studied. More than 20 different species were flown on the mission, including 25 unrestrained male Wistar rats, fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), carrot tissues, and 1,000 embryos of the fish Fundulus heteroclitus (a small shallow-water minnow). A United States radiation dosimeter experiment was also carried out without using biological materials. This experiment was the only joint U.S./U.S.S.R. study flown on the Kosmos series of biosatellites that was developed by Johnson Space Center (JSC); all others were developed and managed by Ames Research Center (ARC).[5][1]

See also

• 1975 in spaceflight

Bibliography

• Kozlov, D. I. (1996), Mashnostroenie, ed.; Konstruirovanie avtomaticheskikh kosmicheskikh apparatov, Moscow, ISBN
• Melnik, T. G. (1997), Nauka, ed.; Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Sili, Moscow, ISBN
• "Bion' nuzhen lyudyam", Novosti Kosmonavtiki (6): 35, 1996

References

External links

• Cosmos 782 NASA Ames Research Center

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На других языках

[es] Bion 3

[ru] Космос-782