langs: 13 декабря [ru] / december 13 [en] / 13. dezember [de] / 13 décembre [fr] / 13 dicembre [it] / 13 de diciembre [es]
days: december 10 / december 11 / december 12 / december 13 / december 14 / december 15 / december 16
Cosmonaut / Cosmonaut
#1 Story Musgrave
Franklin Story Musgrave (born August 19, 1935) is an American physician and a retired NASA astronaut . He is a public speaker [2] and consultant to both Disney 's Imagineering group and Applied Minds in California. In 1996, he became only the second astronaut to fly on six spaceflights, and he is th
- ... led 4,433,772 miles in 163 orbits of the Earth, Endeavour returned to a night landing in Florida on december 13, 1993. Mission duration was 10 days, 19 hours, 59 minutes. STS-80 Main article: STS-80 On STS-80 , ( ...
#2 Hazza Al Mansouri
Hazza Al Mansouri [1] [2] ( Arabic : هَزَّاع ٱلْمَنْصُوْرِي , romanized : Hazzāʿ Al-Manṣūrī , surname also spelled "Al Mansoori", full name Hazzaa Ali Abdan Khalfan Al Mansoori ( هَزَّاع عَلِي عَبْدان خَلْفَان ٱلْمَنْصُوْرِي ) is an Emirati astronaut and the first person from the United Arab Emira
- ... Arab Emirates first astronaut mission. [6] Emirati astronaut Hazza Al Mansouri Born ( 1983-12-13 ) december 13, 1983 (age 38) Al Wathba , United Arab Emirates [1] [2] Nationality Emirati Other names Hazza Ali Ab ...
- ... training at Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION Al Mansoori was born on 13 december 1983 in the Abu Dhabi suburb of Al Wathba . [1] [2] In his childhood, Hazzaa loved exploring and wa ...
#3 Frederick W. Sturckow
Frederick Wilford Sturckow (born August 11, 1961) is an engineer , retired United States Marine Corps officer, former NASA astronaut , and commercial spacecraft pilot. Sturckow is a veteran of four Space Shuttle missions. He flew on STS-88 and STS-105 as a pilot and STS-117 and STS-128 as a commande
- ... and the White Knight Two aircraft, as the company prepares for subsequent commercial operations. On 13 december 2018 he reached outer space with the VSS Unity according to America's definition of the space borde ...
#4 Mark Kelly
Mark Edward Kelly (born February 21, 1964) is an American politician, businessman, retired astronaut , and U.S. Navy captain serving as the junior United States senator from Arizona since December 2020. [3] A member of the Democratic Party , he was elected in the special election triggered by the de
- ... ne of the air conditioners in the Zvezda Service Module. A change of command ceremony took place on december 13 as Expedition 3 ended and Expedition 4 began. STS-108 returned to Earth with the previous ISS crew o ...
#5 Kathryn C. Thornton
Kathryn Ryan Cordell Thornton (born August 17, 1952) is an American scientist and a former NASA astronaut with over 975 hours in space, including 21 hours of extravehicular activity. [1] She was the associate dean for graduate programs at the University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied
- ... bits of the Earth, the crew of Endeavour returned to a night landing at the Kennedy Space Center on december 13, 1993. [9] Then, after Expedition 14 , Sunita Williams surpassed her for woman with the most spacewa ...
#6 Richard O. Covey
Richard Oswalt Covey (born August 1, 1946) is a retired United States Air Force officer, former NASA astronaut , and a member of the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame . American astronaut This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . ( Learn h
- ... bits of the Earth, Covey landed the Endeavour at night on the runway at the Kennedy Space Center on december 13, 1993. POST-NASA CAREER On August 1, 1994, Covey retired from NASA and the Air Force. Covey is marri ...
#7 Mark P. Stucky
Mark P. "Forger" Stucky (born 9 November 1958) is an American test pilot and commercial astronaut . In these roles, he was an employee of Virgin Galactic , a private spaceflight company which is developing sub-orbital space tourism flights. American astronaut Mark Stucky Born ( 1958-11-09 ) November
- ... ronaut Rank Major , USMC ; Lieutenant Colonel , USAF Selection 2009 [1] Missions VSS Unity VP-03 On 13 december 2018, Stucky and co-pilot Frederick Sturckow flew VSS Unity VP-03 , a Virgin Galactic test flight w ...
- ... s the trajectory error, and entered Class A airspace without authorization." [9] VSS UNITY VP-03 On 13 december 2018, at an altitude of 43,000 feet, the VMS Eve released the VSS Unity for its fourth powered test ...
#8 Charles Duke
Charles Moss Duke Jr. (born October 3, 1935) is an American former astronaut , United States Air Force (USAF) officer and test pilot . As lunar module pilot of Apollo 16 in 1972, he became the tenth and youngest person to walk on the Moon , at age 36 years and 201 days. [note 1] For the British Labo
- ... 2. [62] The spacecraft and Saturn V launch vehicle had already been rolled out to Launch Pad 39A on december 13. [63] Luck was with Duke: Grumman engineers wanted more time to test the increased capacity of the L ...
#9 Alexei Leonov
Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov [lower-alpha 1] (30 May 1934 – 11 October 2019) was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut , Air Force major general , writer, and artist. On 18 March 1965, he became the first person to conduct a spacewalk , exiting the capsule during the Voskhod 2 mission for 12 minutes and 9 sec
- ... tion Regiment, part of the 10th Engineering Aviation Division of the 69th Air Army in Kyiv . [7] On 13 december 1959, he married Svetlana Pavlovna Dozenko. [8] The next day he moved to East Germany to his new as ...
Museum / Museum
#1 National Space Centre
The National Space Centre is a museum and educational resource covering the fields of space science and astronomy , along with a space research programme in partnership with the University of Leicester. It is located on the north side of the city in Belgrave, Leicester , England, next to the River S
- ... pace Centre. He spoke to children and toured the Lunar Base 2025 Experience. [16] CHRIS HADFIELD On 13 december 2013, Commander Chris Hadfield visited the National Space Centre to meet the visitors and to promot ...
#2 RAAF Wagga Heritage Centre
RAAF Wagga Heritage Centre (Originally known as the Wagga Wagga RAAF Museum but was officially, RAAF Museum – Wagga Annex [1] ) is a heritage centre located at the Wagga Wagga RAAF Base at Forest Hill located approximately 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of Wagga Wagga , New South Wales , Australia on
- ... er and early October 2008 in an attempt to reverse the Australian Defence Force 's decision. [6] On 13 december 2008, it was announced that the museum will be reopening in 2009. The Air Force would spend A$ 75,0 ...
Spacecraft / Spacecraft
#1 Relay program
The Relay program consisted of Relay 1 and Relay 2, two early American satellites in elliptical medium Earth orbit . [1] Both were primarily experimental communications satellites funded by NASA and developed by RCA . [2] As of December 2, 2016, both satellites were still in orbit. [3] [4] Relay 1 p
- ... mmunications satellites Illustration of Relay RELAY 1 Relay 1 was launched atop a Delta B rocket on december 13, 1962, from LC-17A at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . Its payload included radiation experiments ...
#2 SOLRAD 7B
SOLRAD 7B was the eighth solar X-Ray monitoring satellite in the SOLRAD series and the fifth to successfully orbit the Earth. It was launched via Thor Augmented Delta-Agena D along with seven other satellites on March 9, 1965. The satellite provided continuous coverage of the Sun during the Internat
- ... OPPY missions to provide some measure of mission cover. [6] The first POPPY mission was launched on december 13, 1962, along with several other satellites on a mission similar to that of SOLRAD 3 , complete with ...
#3 STS-108
STS-108 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour . Its primary objective was to deliver supplies to and help maintain the ISS. 2001 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS STS-108 Godwin on Endeavour ' s Canadarm during an EVA Names Space T
- ... the other two units operated in excellent condition. A formal change of command ceremony took place 13 december as Expedition 3 ended its residence and Expedition 4 began theirs. [3] REBOOST AND DEPARTURE Flight ...
#4 SpaceX CRS-13
SpaceX CRS-13 , also known as SpX-13 , was a Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station launched on 15 December 2017. [2] The mission was contracted by NASA and is flown by SpaceX . It was the second mission to successfully reuse a Dragon capsule, previously flown on CRS-
- ... 2017. [13] The flight has been delayed from 13 September, 1 November, 4 December, 12 December, and 13 december 2017. [14] SpaceX pushed off the launch to 15 December due to the detection of particulates in the ...
#5 Ekspress-AMU7
Ekspress-AMU7 ( Russian : Экспресс-АМU7 , meaning Express-AMU7 ) is a Russian domestic communications satellite . It belongs to the Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) based in Moscow , Russia. To provide of communications services (digital television, telephony, videoconferencing, data
- ... Alenia Space , in Italy. LAUNCH Ekspress-AMU7 was launched on a Proton-M / Briz-M launch vehicle on 13 december 2021, at 12L07 UTC , from Site 200/39 at Baikonur Cosmodrome , Kazakhstan . [4] MISSION Ekspress-AM ...
#6 NEAR Shoemaker
Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous – Shoemaker ( NEAR Shoemaker ), renamed after its 1996 launch in honor of planetary scientist Eugene Shoemaker , was a robotic space probe designed by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory for NASA to study the near-Earth asteroid Eros from close orbi
- ... s to a 200 × 200 km orbit and then slowly decreased and altered to a 35 × 35 km retrograde orbit on december 13, 2000. The mission ended with a touchdown in the "saddle" region of Eros on February 12, 2001. Some ...
- ... ular orbit and shifted the orbit from prograde near-polar to a retrograde near-equatorial orbit. By december 13, 2000, the orbit was shifted back to a circular 35 km low orbit. Starting on January 24, 2001, the s ...
#7 STS-27
STS-27 was the 27th NASA Space Shuttle mission, and the third flight of Space Shuttle Atlantis . Launching on 2 December 1988 on a four-day mission, it was the second shuttle flight after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster of January 1986. STS-27 carried a classified payload for the U.S. Departme
- ... as 4 days, 9 hours, 5 minutes, and 37 seconds. Atlantis was returned to the Kennedy Space Center on 13 december 1988 and moved into an OPF on 14 December 1988. There has been speculation that an EVA was conducte ...
#8 Lucy (spacecraft)
Lucy is a NASA space probe on a twelve-year journey to eight different asteroids, visiting a main belt asteroid as well as seven Jupiter trojans , [3] [4] asteroids which share Jupiter 's orbit around the Sun , orbiting either ahead of or behind the planet. All target encounters will be flyby encoun
- ... omment 16 October 2022 Earth Terrestrial planets 12 742 km 300 km Terrestrial planet Gravity assist 13 december 2024 Earth Terrestrial planets 12 742 km 350 km Terrestrial planet Gravity assist 20 April 2025 522 ...
#9 Skylab 4
Skylab 4 (also SL-4 and SLM-3 [2] ) was the third crewed Skylab mission and placed the third and final crew aboard the first American space station . Third crewed mission to Skylab Skylab 4 The final view of Skylab, from the departing mission 4 crew, with Earth in the background Operator NASA COSPAR
- ... ar salt and pepper brought aboard by the second crew was little more than "air pollution"). [14] On december 13, the crew sighted Comet Kohoutek and trained the solar observatory and hand-held cameras on it. They ...
#10 STS-88
STS-88 was the first Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). It was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour , and took the first American module, the Unity node , to the station. [2] First Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station STS-88 Endeavour ' s Canadarm positio
- ... Zarya forward (via PMA-2 , Unity and PMA-1 ) Docking date 7 December 1998, 02:07 UTC Undocking date 13 december 1998, 20:24 UTC Time docked 6 days, 18 hours 17 minutes Left to right – Front: Krikalev, Currie; Ba ...
- ... tween Endeavour and PMA-2 to prepare for the undocking of the two spacecraft on Flight Day 11. [24] 13 december (FLIGHT DAY 11, UNDOCKING) On Flight Day 11, Space Shuttle Endeavour undocked from the Internationa ...
- ... 98 03:35 7 hours, 02 minutes Continued Unity installation. EVA 3 Ross Newman 12 December 1998 20:33 13 december 1998 03:32 6 hours, 59 minutes Completion of Unity installation. WAKE-UP CALLS NASA began a traditi ...
#11 Kounotori 6
Kounotori 6 ( こうのとり6号機 ) , also known as HTV-6 , was the sixth flight of the H-II Transfer Vehicle , an uncrewed cargo spacecraft launched to resupply the International Space Station . It was launched at 13:26:47 UTC on 9 December 2016 aboard H-IIB launch vehicle from Tanegashima Space Center . 2016
- ... to the ISS Kounotori 6 The SSRMS (Canadarm2) grapples Kounotori 6 spacecraft, prior to berthing on 13 december 2016. Mission type ISS resupply Operator JAXA COSPAR ID 2016-076A SATCAT no. 41881 Mission duration ...
- ... c orbit Regime Low Earth orbit Inclination 51.66° Berthing at ISS Berthing port Harmony RMS capture 13 december 2016, 10:37 UTC Berthing date 13 December 2016, 13:57 UTC Unberthing date 27 January 2017, 10:59 UT ...
- ... 51.66° Berthing at ISS Berthing port Harmony RMS capture 13 December 2016, 10:37 UTC Berthing date 13 december 2016, 13:57 UTC Unberthing date 27 January 2017, 10:59 UTC RMS release 27 January 2017, 15:45 UTC C ...
- ... ed to the proximity of ISS and captured by SSRMS (Canadarm2) at 10:39 (10:37 according to NASA), on 13 december 2016. [28] [29] Kounotori was bolted to the CBM ( Common Berthing Mechanism ) of the Harmony nadir ...
- ... ir port by 13:48 UTC. [30] OPERATION WHILE BERTHED TO ISS Berthing operation completed at 18:24, on 13 december 2016 UTC, [31] and the hatch opened at 19:44 UTC. [32] Since 07:44, 14 December 2016, Exposed Palle ...
#12 Soyuz TMA-20
Soyuz TMA-20 was a human spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and was part of the Soyuz programme . It lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on December 15, 2010, and docked with the ISS two days later. The three-person crew of Soyuz TMA-20 – Dmitri Kondratyev , Cathe
- ... the Soyuz TMA-20 mission was fully assembled. [9] Rollout to the launch pad began in the morning of december 13, 2010. [10] Soyuz TMA-20 blasted off from Baikonur Cosmodrome's Site 1 at 19:09 GMT (22:09:25 Moscow ...
#13 Badr-1
Badr-A ( Urdu : بدر-۱ , meaning Full Moon-A ) was the first artificial and the first digital communications satellite launched by Pakistan's national space authority — the SUPARCO — in 1990. [1] The Badr-A was Pakistan 's first indigenously developed and manufactured digital communications and an ex
- ... (ISRO) successfully launched her first satellite, Aryabhata in year 1975. [3] After four years, on 13 december 1979, Munir Ahmad Khan managed a cabinet-level meeting with Chief Martial Law Administrator General ...
#14 Tianlian
Tianlian ( Simplified Chinese : 天链, Traditional Chinese : 天鏈, English: Sky Chain ) also known as CTDRS , is a Chinese data relay communication satellite constellation. The constellation serves to relay data from ground stations to spacecraft and rockets, most significantly China's crewed spaceflight
- ... 2019, 15:51 Long March 3B XSLC LC-3 DFH-4 79.9° East Active 2019-017A 44076 Tianlian II-02 天链二号02星 13 december 2021, 16:09 Long March 3B XSLC LC-3 DFH-4 171.04° East Active 2021-124A 50005 Tianlian II-03 天链二号03 ...
#15 Kosmos 967
Kosmos 967 ( Russian : Космос 967 meaning Cosmos 967 ) is a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons . It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1977 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, [1] and used as a target for Kosmos 970 and Kosmos 1009, as part of the
- ... t type Lira Manufacturer Yuzhnoye Launch mass 650 kilograms (1,430 lb) Start of mission Launch date 13 december 1977, 15:53 ( 1977-12-13UTC15:53Z ) UTC Rocket Kosmos-3M Launch site Plesetsk 132/1 Orbital paramet ...
- ... arrier rocket, [3] from Site 132/1 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome . The launch occurred at 15:53 UTC on 13 december 1977. [4] Kosmos 967 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 961 kilometres (597 mi) , ...
#16 Voyager 1
Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program to study the outer Solar System and interstellar space beyond the Sun's heliosphere . Launched 16 days after its twin Voyager 2 , Voyager 1 has been operating for 45 years and 1 month as of October 5
- ... pain. [58] This seems to be the first such amateur tracking of Voyager 1 . [58] It was confirmed on december 13, 2010, that Voyager 1 had passed the reach of the radial outward flow of the solar wind , as measure ...
#17 SOLRAD 10
Solrad 10 , also known Explorer 44 , NRL-PL 165 and Explorer SE-C , was one of the SOLRAD series designed to provide continuous coverage of wavelength and intensity changes in solar radiation in the UV , soft and hard X-ray regions. The satellite also mapped the celestial sphere using a high-sensiti
- ... [4] Argument of perigee 235.3867° [4] Mean anomaly 124.4027° [4] Mean motion 16.23884333 [4] Epoch 13 december 1979 [4] Revolution no. 46942 [4] Explorers ← Explorer 43 Explorer 45 → Solrad ← Solrad 9 Solrad 11 ...
#18 STS-116
STS-116 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Discovery . Discovery lifted off on 9 December 2006 at 20:47:35 EST . A previous launch attempt on 7 December had been canceled due to cloud cover. It was the first night launch of a Space Shuttle sin
- ... and others to aspire to become future astronauts. The EVA concluded at 03:07 UTC on the morning of 13 december , and lasted for 6 hours and 36 minutes in total. [29] During the spacewalk, after taking a close lo ...
- ... the night sleeping in protected areas in order to avoid radiation from a solar flare eruption. [30] 13 december (FLIGHT DAY 5 – SOLAR ARRAY REORGANIZATION) A kink that occurred in the port-side P6 solar array du ...
- ... ink that occurred in the port-side P6 solar array during the first attempt to retract that array on 13 december . Flight day 5 began for the astronauts at 15:21 UTC. [31] The most high-profile activity was the at ...
- ... d – UTC Duration Mission 73. STS-116 EVA 1 Robert Curbeam Christer Fuglesang 12 December 2006 20:31 13 december 2006 03:07 6 h 36 min Install P5 truss 74. STS-116 EVA 2 Robert Curbeam Christer Fuglesang 14 Decem ...
#19 Apollo 16
Apollo 16 (April 16 – 27, 1972) was the tenth crewed mission in the United States Apollo space program , administered by NASA , and the fifth and penultimate to land on the Moon . It was the second of Apollo's " J missions ", with an extended stay on the lunar surface , a focus on science, and the u
- ... April 16. The launch vehicle stack, which had been rolled out from the Vehicle Assembly Building on december 13, 1971, was returned thereto on January 27, 1972. It was rolled out again to Launch Complex 39A on Fe ...
#20 Apollo 17
Apollo 17 (December 7–19, 1972) was the final mission of NASA 's Apollo program , the most recent time humans have set foot on the Moon or traveled beyond low Earth orbit . Commander Gene Cernan and Lunar Module Pilot Harrison Schmitt walked on the Moon, while Command Module Pilot Ronald Evans orbit
- ... t moonwalk of the mission, or EVA-1. [4] [101] LUNAR SURFACE FIRST EVA Cernan on the lunar surface, december 13, 1972 During their approximately 75-hour stay [104] on the lunar surface, Cernan and Schmitt perform ...
- ... y's Rock during EVA-3 The third moonwalk, the last of the Apollo program, began at 5:25 p.m. EST on december 13. Cernan and Schmitt rode the rover northeast of the landing site, exploring the base of the North Ma ...