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TDRS-4, known before launch as TDRS-D, is an American communications satellite, of first generation, which was operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System from 1989 until 2011. It was constructed by TRW, based on a custom satellite bus which was used for all seven of the first generation TDRS satellites.[3]

TDRS-4

TDRS-D being deployed from Discovery
Mission type	Communication
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	1989-021B
SATCAT no.	19883
Mission duration	Planned: 10 years Final: 22 years, 9 months
Spacecraft properties
Bus	TDRS
Manufacturer	TRW
Launch mass	2,108 kg (4,647 lb) [1]
Dimensions	17.3 × 14.2 m (57 × 47 ft)
Power	1700 watts
Start of mission
Launch date	13 March 1989, 14:57:00 (1989-03-13UTC14:57) UTC
Rocket	Space Shuttle Discovery STS-29R / IUS
Launch site	Kennedy Space Center, LC-39B
Contractor	Rockwell International
End of mission
Disposal	Retired to graveyard
Declared	December 2011
Deactivated	May 2012 (2012-06)
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit
Regime	Geostationary orbit
Longitude	41.0° West (1988–2005) 46.0° West (2005–2011)
Epoch	14 March 1989 [2]

History

TDRS-D was launched aboard Space Shuttle Discovery during the STS-29 mission in 1989. Discovery launched from Launch Complex 39B at the Kennedy Space Center at 14:57:00 UTC on 13 March 1989.[4] TDRS-D was deployed from Discovery a few hours after launch, and was raised to geostationary orbit by means of an Inertial Upper Stage.[4]

Deployment

The twin-stage solid-propellant Inertial Upper Stage made two burns. The first stage burn occurred shortly after deployment from Discovery, and placed the satellite into a geostationary transfer orbit (GTO). At 03:30 UTC on 14 March 1989, it reached apogee, and the second stage fired, placing TDRS-D into geostationary orbit.[5] At this point, it received its operational designation, TDRS-4. It was placed at a longitude 41.0° West of the Greenwich Meridian,[6][7] from where it provided communications services to spacecraft in Earth orbit, including the Space Shuttle and International Space Station. In 2005, it was relocated to 46.0° West.[6]

Retirement

TDRS-4 completed its planned mission in December 2011, and was subsequently removed to a graveyard orbit 350 kilometres (220 mi) above GEO orbit belt, per International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and United Nations (UN) recommendations.[8] In May 2012, NASA reported that the orbit-raising manoeuvre had been completed successfully, and the spacecraft had been retired.[9]

See also

• List of TDRS satellites

References

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