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langs: 8 декабря [ru] / december 8 [en] / 8. dezember [de] / 8 décembre [fr] / 8 dicembre [it] / 8 de diciembre [es]

days: december 5 / december 6 / december 7 / december 8 / december 9 / december 10 / december 11

Cosmonaut / Cosmonaut


#1 Robert A. Parker

Robert Allan Ridley Parker (born December 14, 1936) is an American physicist and astronomer , former Director of the NASA Management Office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory , and a retired NASA astronaut . He was a Mission Specialist on two Space Shuttle missions, STS-9 and STS-35 . Retired American

#2 Vladimir Shatalov

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shatalov ( Russian : Владимир Александрович Шаталов ; December 8, 1927 – June 15, 2021) [2] was a Soviet and Russian cosmonaut who flew three space missions of the Soyuz programme : Soyuz 4 , Soyuz 8 , and Soyuz 10 . [1] Soviet cosmonaut (1927–2021) Vladimir Aleksandrovich Sh

#3 John Glenn

John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921   – December 8, 2016) was an American Marine Corps aviator , engineer , astronaut , businessman, and politician. He was the third American in space, and the first American to orbit the Earth , circling it three times in 1962. Following his retirement from NASA

#4 Aleksandr Nikolayevich Balandin

Aleksandr Nikolayevich Balandin ( Russian : Александр Николаевич Баландин ) (born July 30, 1953) is a Russian cosmonaut . He is married with two children. He was selected as a cosmonaut on December 1, 1978, and retired on October 17, 1994. Russian cosmonaut In this name that follows Eastern Slavic n

#5 John Young (astronaut)

John Watts Young (September 24, 1930   – January 5, 2018) was an American astronaut , naval officer and aviator , test pilot , and aeronautical engineer . He became the ninth person to walk on the Moon as commander of the Apollo 16 mission in 1972. He is the only astronaut to fly on four different c

#6 Johanna Maislinger

Johanna Maislinger (born 23 October 1985) is an Austrian aviator and engineer, currently employed by with the German cargo carrier Aerologic . Since 2010 she has flown Boeing 777-200F freighters, initially as a Senior First Officer and as a Captain since 2018. She achieved wider media prominence in

#7 Alexander Misurkin

Alexander Alexanderovich Misurkin ( Russian : Aлександр Aлександрович Мисуркин ) (born 23 September 1977), a major in the Russian Air Force , is a Russian cosmonaut , selected in 2006. He flew aboard Soyuz TMA-08M on 28 March 2013 as his first space mission, and launched on Soyuz MS-06 as his second

#8 Space tourism

Space tourism is human space travel for recreational purposes. [1] There are several different types of space tourism, including orbital, suborbital and lunar space tourism. Space travel for recreational purposes This article is about paying space travellers. For other commercial spacefarers, see Co

#9 Timothy Kopra

Timothy Lennart " Tim " Kopra (born April 9, 1963) is an engineer , a Colonel in the United States Army and a retired NASA astronaut . He served aboard the International Space Station as a flight engineer for Expedition 20 , returning to Earth aboard Space Shuttle Discovery on the STS-128 mission on

#10 Mark Kelly

Mark Edward Kelly (born February 21, 1964) is an American politician, businessman, retired astronaut , and U.S. Navy captain serving as the junior United States senator from Arizona since December 2020. [3] A member of the Democratic Party , he was elected in the special election triggered by the de

#11 Yozo Hirano

Yozo Hirano ( 平野 陽三 , Hirano Yozo , born October 12, 1985) is a Japanese space tourist . He flew on Soyuz MS-20 . [1] Japanese spaceflight participant Yozo Hirano 平野 陽三 Born ( 1985-10-12 ) October 12, 1985 (age   36) Imabari , Ehime Prefecture , Japan Occupation Film producer Organization Start Toda

#12 Lawrence J. DeLucas

Lawrence James "Larry" DeLucas (O. D., Ph.D.) is an American biochemist who flew aboard NASA Space Shuttle mission STS-50 as a Payload Specialist . He was born on July 11, 1950 in Syracuse , New York , and is currently married with three children. His recreational interests include basketball , scub

#13 Robert Henry Lawrence Jr.

Robert Henry Lawrence Jr. (October 2, 1935 – December 8, 1967) was a United States Air Force officer and the first African-American astronaut. [1] [2] [3] American astronaut Major Robert Henry Lawrence Jr. Born ( 1935-10-02 ) October 2, 1935 Chicago , Illinois , U.S. Died December 8, 1967 (1967-12-0

#14 John B. McKay

John Barron McKay (December 8, 1922 – April 27, 1975) was an American naval officer , World War II pilot , aeronautical engineer , test pilot , and astronaut . He was one of twelve pilots who flew the North American X-15 , an experimental spaceplane jointly operated by the United States Air Force an

#15 Yuri Gidzenko

Yuri Pavlovich Gidzenko ( Russian: Юрий Павлович Гидзенко ; born March 26, 1962) is a Russian cosmonaut . [1] He was a test cosmonaut of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (TsPK). Gidzenko has flown into space three times and has lived on board the Mir and the International Space Station. He

#16 Franklin Chang-Díaz

Franklin Ramón Chang-Díaz (born April 5, 1950) [1] is a Costa Rican-born American mechanical engineer , physicist and former NASA astronaut. He is the sole founder and CEO of Ad Astra Rocket Company [2] as well as a member of Cummins ' board of directors. [3] He became an American citizen in 1977. [

#17 Brewster H. Shaw

Brewster Hopkinson Shaw Jr. (born May 16, 1945) is a retired NASA astronaut , U.S. Air Force colonel , and former executive at Boeing . Shaw was inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame on May 6, 2006. [1] Retired NASA astronaut and US Air Force colonel Brewster H. Shaw Jr. Born ( 1945-05-16 )

#18 Sergey Avdeev

Sergei Vasilyevich Avdeyev (Сергей Васильевич Авдеев; born 1 January 1956) is a Russian engineer and cosmonaut . Russian engineer and cosmonaut This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification . ( March 2010 ) Sergei Avdeyev Born ( 1956-01-01 ) 1 January 1956 (age   66)

#19 Yusaku Maezawa

Yusaku Maezawa ( 前澤 友作 , Maezawa Yūsaku , born 22 November 1975) is a Japanese billionaire entrepreneur and art collector. He founded Start Today in 1998 and launched the online fashion retail website Zozotown in 2004, now Japan's largest. Most recently, Maezawa introduced a custom-fit apparel brand

#20 Ulf Merbold

Ulf Dietrich Merbold (born June 20, 1941) is a German physicist and astronaut who flew to space three times, becoming the first West-German citizen in space and the first non-American to fly on a NASA spacecraft. Merbold flew on two Space Shuttle missions and on a Russian mission to the space statio


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Museum / Museum


#1 Royal Thai Air Force Museum

The Royal Thai Air Force Museum is located in Don Mueang District , Bangkok , Thailand . It is located on the Phahonyothin Road just to the south of Wing 6 of the domestic terminal of the Don Mueang Airport . It was served by the Royal Thai Air Force Museum BTS station since 16 December 2020. [1] Mi

#2 TU 142 Aircraft Museum

The TU 142 Aircraft Museum is a preserved Tupolev Tu-142 located in Visakhapatnam , in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . Built as part of Vizag city tourism promotion, it was formally inaugurated by President of India Ram Nath Kovind in December 2017 [1] Aviation museum, Transport museum in Pandu

#3 Tri-State Warbird Museum

The Tri-State Warbird Museum is a private, not-for-profit [2] aviation museum located in Batavia, Ohio , in Clermont County next to the Clermont County Airport . [3] Military aviation museum in Ohio, United States Tri-State Warbird Museum Location in Ohio Established 2003   ( 2003 ) Location Batavia

#4 Delta Flight Museum

The Delta Flight Museum is an aviation and corporate museum located in Atlanta, Georgia , United States , near the airline's main hub, Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport . The museum is housed in two 1940s-era Delta Air Lines aircraft hangars at Delta's headquarters, designated a Histo

#5 East Midlands Airport

East Midlands Airport ( IATA : EMA , ICAO : EGNX ) is an international airport in the East Midlands of England , close to Castle Donington in northwestern Leicestershire , between Loughborough ( 10 miles (16   km) ), Derby ( 12.5 miles (20   km) ) and Nottingham ( 14 miles (23   km) ); Leicester is

#6 Imperial War Museum Duxford

Imperial War Museum Duxford is a branch of the Imperial War Museum near Duxford in Cambridgeshire , England. Britain's largest aviation museum , [2] Duxford houses the museum's large exhibits, including nearly 200 aircraft , military vehicles, artillery and minor naval vessels in seven main exhibiti


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Spacecraft / Spacecraft


#1 Vanguard TV-5

Vanguard TV-5 , also called Vanguard Test Vehicle-Five , was a failed flight of the American Vanguard rocket following the successful launch of Vanguard 1 on Vanguard TV-4. Vanguard TV-5 launched on 29 April 1958 at 02:53:00 GMT , from Launch Complex 18A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station . The

#2 SpaceX CRS-19

SpaceX CRS-19 , also known as SpX-19 , was a Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station . [6] The mission is contracted by NASA and was flown by SpaceX on a Falcon 9 rocket. 2019 American resupply spaceflight to the ISS SpaceX CRS-19 Dragon C106.3 approaches the ISS Missi

#3 Sentinel-5 Precursor

Sentinel-5 Precursor ( Sentinel-5P ) is an Earth observation satellite developed by ESA as part of the Copernicus Programme to close the gap in continuity of observations between Envisat and Sentinel-5. [4] Earth observation satellite Sentinel-5 Precursor Sentinel-5P model Manufacturer Astrium UK Op

#4 Kosmos 2482

Kosmos 2482 ( Russian : Космос 2482 meaning Cosmos 2482 ) is a Russian military store-dump communications satellite launched in 2013, together with Kosmos 2483 and Kosmos 2484 . Kosmos 2482 Mission type Communications Operator Russian Aerospace Defence Forces COSPAR ID 2013-001A SATCAT no. 39057 Spa

#5 STS-44

STS-44 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission using Atlantis that launched on 24 November 1991. It was a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) space mission. 1991 American crewed spaceflight to deploy DSP-16 STS-44 Atlantis deploys a Defense Support Program (DSP) satellite. Names Space Transportation System -4

#6 STS-108

STS-108 was a Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour . Its primary objective was to deliver supplies to and help maintain the ISS. 2001 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS STS-108 Godwin on Endeavour ' s Canadarm during an EVA Names Space T

#7 STS-122

STS-122 was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS), flown by the Space Shuttle Atlantis . STS-122 marked the 24th shuttle mission to the ISS, and the 121st Space Shuttle flight overall. [4] 2008 American crewed spaceflight to the ISS STS-122 Canadarm2 takes Columbus fr

#8 Poisk (ISS module)

Poisk ( Russian : Поиск , lit.   ' Search ' ), also known as the Mini-Research Module 2 ( MRM 2 ), Малый исследовательский модуль 2 , or МИМ 2 , is a docking module of the International Space Station . Its original name was Docking Module 2 ( Stykovochniy Otsek 2 , SO-2 ), as it is almost identical

#9 NOAA-7

NOAA-7 , known as NOAA-C before launch, was an American operational weather satellite for use in the National Operational Environmental Satellite System (NOESS) and for the support of the Global Atmospheric Research Program (GARP) during 1978-1984. The satellite design provided an economical and sta

#10 Soyuz T-3

Soyuz T-3 was a Soviet spaceflight, launched on 27 November 1980 to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the first Soyuz spacecraft to carry three cosmonauts following the fatal Soyuz 11 disaster in 1971. [1] 1980 Soviet crewed spaceflight to Salyut 6 Soyuz T-3 COSPAR ID 1980-094A SATCAT no. 12077 Mis

#11 TechEdSat

Technology Education Satellite ( TechEdSat ) is a successful nano-sat flight series conducted from the NASA Ames Research Center in collaboration with numerous universities (San Jose State University, University of Idaho, University of California, University of Minnesota, Smith College). While one o

#12 USA-202

USA 202 , [3] previously NRO Launch 26 or NROL-26 , is a classified spacecraft which is operated by the United States National Reconnaissance Office . It is an Advanced Orion ELINT satellite. According to Aviation Week , it "fundamentally involves America's biggest, most secret and expensive militar

#13 STS-88

STS-88 was the first Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS). It was flown by Space Shuttle Endeavour , and took the first American module, the Unity node , to the station. [2] First Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station STS-88 Endeavour ' s Canadarm positio

#14 Astra 1A

Astra 1A was the first satellite launched and operated by SES (Société Européenne des Satellites), launched in December 1988. During its early days, it was often referred to as the Astra Satellite , as SES only operated one satellite originally. The satellite provided television coverage to Western

#15 Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope (often referred to as HST or Hubble ) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation. It was not the first space telescope , but it is one of the largest and most versatile, renowned both as a vital research tool and as a publi

#16 SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 2

SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 2 ( COTS 2 ), also known as Dragon C2+ , was the second test-flight for SpaceX 's uncrewed Cargo Dragon spacecraft. It launched in May 2012 on the third flight of the company's two-stage Falcon 9 launch vehicle. The flight was performed under a funded agreement from NASA as t

#17 Mariner 4

Mariner 4 (together with Mariner 3 known as Mariner-Mars 1964 ) was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observations to Earth . Launched on November 28, 1964,

#18 Soyuz 16

Soyuz 16 ( Russian : Союз 16 , Union 16 ) was a December, 1974, crewed test flight for a joint Soviet -United States space flight which culminated in the Apollo-Soyuz mission in July 1975. The two-man Soviet crew, Anatoly Filipchenko and Nikolai Rukavishnikov , tested a docking ring and other system

#19 Lunar Orbiter 2

The 1966 Lunar Orbiter 2 robotic spacecraft mission, part of the Lunar Orbiter Program , was designed primarily to photograph smooth areas of the lunar surface for selection and verification of safe landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo missions. It was also equipped to collect selenodetic , rad

#20 Progress M-MIM2

Progress M-MIM2 ( Russian : Прогресс М-МИМ2 ), or Progress M-MRM2 , originally designated Progress M-SO2 , [3] was a modified Progress-M 11F615A55, Russian production No. 302, which was used to deliver the Poisk module to the International Space Station . [4] It has the pressurised cargo module remo


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