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Soyuz T-3 was a Soviet spaceflight, launched on 27 November 1980 to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the first Soyuz spacecraft to carry three cosmonauts following the fatal Soyuz 11 disaster in 1971.[1]

Soyuz T-3

COSPAR ID	1980-094A
SATCAT no.	12077
Mission duration	12 days, 19 hours, 7 minutes, 42 seconds
Orbits completed	204
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type	Soyuz-T
Manufacturer	NPO Energia
Launch mass	6,850 kilograms (15,100 lb)
Crew
Crew size	3
Members	Leonid Kizim Oleg Makarov Gennady Strekalov
Callsign	Mayak (Beacon)
Start of mission
Launch date	27 November 1980, 14:18:28 (1980-11-27UTC14:18:28Z) UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-U
Launch site	Baikonur 1/5
End of mission
Landing date	10 December 1980, 09:26:10 (1980-12-10UTC09:26:11Z) UTC
Landing site	130 kilometres (81 mi) from Dzhezkazgan
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	200 kilometres (120 mi)
Apogee altitude	251 kilometres (156 mi)
Inclination	51.6 degrees
Period	88.7 minutes
Docking with Salyut 6
1981 USSR stamp, depicting Soyuz T-3 spacecraft and crew, from left to right: Oleg Makarov, Leonid Kizim, Gennady Strekalov Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) ← Soyuz 38 Soyuz T-4 →

The mission was both an early flight of the new Soyuz-T variant craft, as well as one of the later flights to the Salyut 6 station, which had successfully received several crews and visiting craft in recent years. Unlike previous habitations of the station, the crew of Soyuz T-3 did not receive any visitors, and thus did not exchange Soyuz craft with other crews for a return journey, a common practice.

Crew

Position	Crew
Commander	Leonid Kizim First spaceflight
Flight Engineer	Oleg Makarov Fourth and last spaceflight
Research Cosmonaut	Gennady Strekalov First spaceflight

Backup crew

Position	Crew
Commander	Vasili Lazarev
Flight Engineer	Viktor Savinykh
Research Cosmonaut	Valeri Polyakov

Mission summary

Although the main objective of the crew's mission was to refurbish Salyut 6, part of their mission also involved testing their spacecraft. During their brief stay on Salyut 6, the crew performed experiments using the Splav and Kristall units, and studied biological material which had been carried aboard their Soyuz using the Svetoblok and Oazis units. Much of their time, however, was devoted to station maintenance.

On 2 December they began conducting the Mikroklimat experiment to assess the station's living conditions, and began work on the thermal control system. They installed a new hydraulic unit with four pumps. On 4 December, they replaced electronics in the station's telemetry system. 5 December saw them repairing electrical system faults. Other repairs included replacement of a program and timing device in the onboard control system and replacement of a power supply unit for the compressor in the refueling system. The Salyut 6 Principal Expedition 4 crew in TsUP provided the crew with advice as they made their repairs. On 8 December, Progress 11 carried out an orbital correction for the complex.

Upon leaving the station the craft's orbital module was left attached to Salyut 6 for a few hours, while its descent and service modules completed procedures for re-entry. This procedure was also used during the undocking of Soyuz T-4.[2] Soyuz T-3 returned to Earth on 11 December 1980, landing 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Dzhezkazgan, Kazakh SSR.

See also

• List of human spaceflights to Salyut space stations
• List of Salyut expeditions

References

На других языках

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- [en] Soyuz T-3

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[es] Soyuz T-3

Soyuz T-3 fue la tercera misión de una Soyuz T y la segunda tripulada. Fue lanzada el 27 de noviembre de 1980 desde el cosmódromo de Baikonur mediante un cohete Soyuz hacia la estación Salyut 6. Fue la primera Soyuz T en que viajaron tres cosmonautas y el primer viaje de tres cosmonautas en una misma nave desde el desastre de la Soyuz 11 en 1971.

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[ru] Союз Т-3

«Союз Т-3» — пилотируемый космический корабль.

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