Soyuz TM-31 was the first Soyuz spaceflight to dock with the International Space Station (ISS).[1] The spacecraft carried the members of Expedition 1, the first long-duration ISS crew. It was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 07:52 UT on October 31, 2000, by a Soyuz-U rocket.
Operator | Rosaviakosmos |
---|---|
COSPAR ID | 2000-070A |
SATCAT no. | 26603 |
Mission duration | 186 days, 21 hours, 48 minutes, 41 seconds |
Orbits completed | ~3,040 |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft type | Soyuz-TM |
Manufacturer | RKK Energia |
Crew | |
Crew size | 3 |
Launching | Yuri Gidzenko Sergei Krikalev William Shepherd |
Landing | Talgat Musabayev Yuri Baturin Dennis Tito |
Callsign | Uran |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | October 31, 2000, 07:52:47 (2000-10-31UTC07:52:47Z) UTC |
Rocket | Soyuz-U |
Launch site | Gagarin's Start |
End of mission | |
Landing date | May 6, 2001, 05:41:28 (2001-05-06UTC05:41:29Z) UTC |
Landing site | 90 kilometres (56 mi) NE of Arkalyk |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric |
Regime | Low Earth |
Perigee altitude | 190 kilometres (120 mi) |
Apogee altitude | 249 kilometres (155 mi) |
Inclination | 51.6 degrees |
Period | 88.6 minutes |
Docking with ISS | |
Docking port | Zvezda aft |
Docking date | 2 November 2000 09:21 UTC |
Undocking date | 24 February 2001 10:06 UTC |
Time docked | 114d 45m |
Docking with ISS (Relocation) | |
Docking port | Zarya nadir |
Docking date | 24 February 2001 10:37 UTC |
Undocking date | 18 April 2001 12:40 UTC |
Time docked | 53d 2h 3m |
Docking with ISS (Relocation) | |
Docking port | Zvezda aft |
Docking date | 18 April 2001 13:01 UTC |
Undocking date | 6 May 2001 02:21 UTC |
Time docked | 17d 13h 20m |
(L-R) Gidzenko, Shepherd and Krikalev Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) |
The crew consisted of Russian cosmonauts Yuri Gidzenko and Sergei Krikalev, and American William Shepherd. Gidzenko was Commander of the flight up, but once aboard the station, Shepherd became Commander of the long-duration mission Expedition 1.[2]
The spacecraft served as the crew's lifeboat while docked to the ISS. The Expedition 1 crew were returned to Earth via a Space Shuttle during STS-102 in March 2001, and the Soyuz TM-31 spacecraft stayed with the station for part of Expedition 2. In April 2001 another spacecraft, Soyuz TM-32, arrived at the station, and took over responsibilities as the station's lifeboat. The crew launched by Soyuz TM-32, which included the first paying space tourist Dennis Tito, were returned to Earth in May aboard Soyuz TM-31. The visiting mission of which Tito was a part is sometimes referred to as ISS EP-1.
Position | Launching crew | Landing crew |
---|---|---|
Commander | Yuri Gidzenko, RKA Expedition 1 Second spaceflight |
Talgat Musabayev, RKA ISS EP-1 Third and last spaceflight |
Flight Engineer | Sergei Krikalev, RKA Expedition 1 Fifth spaceflight |
Yuri Baturin, RKA ISS EP-1 Second and last spaceflight |
Flight Engineer/Spaceflight Participant | William Shepherd, NASA Expedition 1 Fourth and last spaceflight |
Dennis Tito, SA ISS EP-1 Only spaceflight Tourist |
The Soyuz carried a crew of three to dock it with the Zvezda module of the International Space Station (ISS) at about 09:21 UT on November 2. The Progress M1-3 cargo craft that was docked with Zvezda was released to make way for the Soyuz. The crew of two Russian and one American spent over three months on the ISS, and returned to Earth in an American shuttle (STS-102) in February 2001. In the initial days, the crew brought a variety of life support systems on-line, and created a laptop computer network that helped run all systems in the ISS. The remaining months were allotted for exercise and space endurance practice. The crew was the group to launch the "permanent inhabitation" of the ISS. Since their launch, ISS and space are permanently occupied. The International Space Station only has funding through 2025 and is set to de-orbit sometime in 2028.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2010) |
Soyuz programme | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Main topics |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Past missions (by spacecraft type) |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current missions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Future missions |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)". The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions. |
Human spaceflights to the International Space Station | ||
---|---|---|
See also: {{ISS expeditions}}, {{Uncrewed ISS flights}} | ||
1998–2004 |
| |
2005–2009 | ||
2010–2014 | ||
2015–2019 |
| |
Since 2020 |
| |
Future |
| |
Individuals |
| |
Vehicles |
| |
|
← 1999 · Orbital launches in 2000 · 2001 → | |
---|---|
January |
|
February |
|
March | |
April | |
May |
|
June |
|
July |
|
August |
|
September |
|
October |
|
November |
|
December | |
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Cubesats are smaller. Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses). |