cosmos.wikisort.org - Spacecraft

Kosmos 146 (Russian: Космос 146 meaning Cosmos 146), also known as L-1 No. 2P, was a Soviet test spacecraft precursor to the Zond series, launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard a Proton K rocket.[4]

Kosmos 146

Mission type	Test flight
Operator	Soviet space program
COSPAR ID	1967-021A
SATCAT no.	02705
Mission duration	55 years, 6 months and 16 days (in deep space)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Zond
Spacecraft type	7K-L1
Manufacturer	OKB-1
Launch mass	5375 kg[1]
Start of mission
Launch date	10 March 1967, 11:30:33 GMT
Rocket	Proton-K / Blok D
Launch site	Baikonur, Site 81/23
Contractor	OKB-1
End of mission
Decay date	Never (in deep space)[2]
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric[3][a]
Regime	Highly elliptical Earth[a]
Periapsis altitude	177 km[a]
Apoapsis altitude	296 km[a]
Inclination	51.5°[a]
Period	89.2 minutes[a]
Epoch	10 March 1967
Zond Kosmos 154 →   a Presumably, this is initial orbit information.

The spacecraft was designed to launch a crew from the Earth to conduct a flyby of the Moon and return to Earth. The primary focus was a Soviet circumlunar flight, which help document the Moon, and also show Soviet power. The test ran from the Zond program from 1967-1970, which produced multiple failures in the 7K-L1's re-entry systems. The remaining 7K-L1s were scrapped, ultimately replaced by the Soyuz 7K-L3.[5]

Objectives

Kosmos 146 was a Soviet test precursor to the Zond series, launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome aboard a Proton K rocket. It was launched into a planned highly elliptical Earth orbit. The Blok D stage functioned correctly in putting the spacecraft into a translunar trajectory. It was not aimed at the Moon and no recovery of the spacecraft was planned or attempted. It was a successful mission that created false confidence just before a string of failures that would follow.[1]

Kosmos 146 was launched using a Proton-K carrier rocket, which flew from Site 81/23 at Baikonur. The launch occurred at 11:30:33 GMT on 10 March 1967 and was successful. Kosmos 146 was operated in an Earth orbit, it had a perigee of 177 kilometres (110 mi), an apogee of 296 kilometres (184 mi), an inclination of 51.5° and an orbital period of 89.2 minutes. Kosmos 146 decayed from orbit on 18 March 1967.[3]

Moon race

By the time the spacecraft was launched, the United States had already thrust into the orbit in their prototype of the lunar vehicle (AS-201, AS-202, AS-203). The United States could go on to launch manned prototypes of lunar ships before the USSR brought the first unmanned prototype into orbit, but two months before the launch of Kosmos-146, during the fire in the command module, the crew of Apollo 1 was killed.

References

External links

• http://militera.lib.ru/db/kamanin_np/index.html
• http://www.svengrahn.pp.se/histind/Cosmos146/Cosmos146.htm#data
• https://www.hq.nasa.gov/pao/History/SP-4225/documentation/mhh/mirheritage.pdf

На других языках

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- [en] Kosmos 146

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[ru] Космос-146

Космос-146 (7К-Л1 № 2П) — первый запуск прототипа лунного корабля «Союз 7К-Л1П». Конструкция запущенного аппарата была упрощённой, так как основной целью миссии было испытание Блока Д — четвёртой ступени ракеты-носителя УР-500 (Протон). Корабль был выведен на расчётную орбиту, а затем — на траекторию полёта к Луне. Двигатель Блока Д включался дважды в ходе полёта.[2] Дальнейшее управление полётом и возвращение корабля не планировалось. Это был четвёртый успешный запуск ракеты «Протон» из пяти состоявшихся на тот момент.

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