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Cerise (French for "cherry") was a French military reconnaissance satellite. Its main purpose was to intercept HF radio signals for French intelligence services.[1] With a mass of 50 kg, it was launched by an Ariane rocket from Kourou in French Guiana at 17:23 UT, 7 July 1995.[1] Cerise's initial orbital parameters were period 98.1 min, apogee 675 km, perigee 666 km, and inclination 98.0 deg.[1]

Cerise
Illustration of debris colliding with Cerise
Mission typeMilitary reconnaissance
COSPAR ID1995-033B
SATCAT no.23606
Spacecraft properties
BusSSTL-70
ManufacturerAlcatel Space · Surrey Satellite Technology
Launch mass50 kg (110 lb)
Dry mass50kg
Dimensions0.6 × 0.3 × 0.3 m (1.97 × 0.98 × 0.98 ft)
Start of mission
Launch date7 July 1995, 16:23:34 (1995-07-07UTC16:23:34) UTC
RocketAriane 4 V-75
Launch siteGuiana Space Centre ELA-2
ContractorArianespace
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeSun-synchronous
Eccentricity0.0005756
Perigee altitude581 km (361 mi)
Apogee altitude589 km (366 mi)
Inclination98.2413°
Mean motion14.94 rev/day
Epoch27 December 2016 12:15:03 UTC
 

On 24 July 1996 it was hit by a catalogued space debris object from an Ariane rocket, making it the first verified case of an accidental collision between two artificial objects in space.[2][3]

The collision (with relative velocity of 14.8 km/s) tore off a 2.8-2.9 metre (9.2-9.5 foot) portion of Cerise's gravity-gradient stabilization boom, which left the satellite severely damaged and tumbling with a limited attitude control system. Novel magnetic control algorithms were used to re-stabilise the otherwise undamaged microsatellite to regain almost full operational mission capability.[4][5]


See also



References


  1. "SPACEWARN Bulletin Number 501". NASA. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
  2. "CO2 prolongs life of space junk". BBC News. 5 May 2005. Retrieved 8 March 2006.
  3. Volume 1, Issue 2, Sept 1996. "Orbital Debris Quarterly News" (PDF). NASA, Johnson Space Centre. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  4. "History of On-Orbit Satellite Fragmentations" (PDF). NASA Orbital Debris Program Office. June 2008. pp. 368–369. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
  5. M.N. Sweeting; Y. Hashida; N.P. Bean; M.S. Hodgart; H. Steyn (2004). "CERISE microsatellite recovery from first detected collision in low Earth orbit". Acta Astronautica. 55 (2): 139–147. Bibcode:2004AcAau..55..139S. doi:10.1016/S0094-5765(03)00062-6. Retrieved 8 August 2021.



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