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The SOLRAD 8,Explorer 30 or SE-A satellite was one of the NASA SOLRAD (Solar Radiation) program that began in 1960 to provide continuous coverage of solar radiation with a set of standard photometers. SOLRAD 8 was a spin-stabilized satellite oriented with its spin axis perpendicular to the sun-satellite line so that the 14 solar X-ray[4] and ultraviolet photometers[5] pointing radially outward from its equatorial belt viewed the sun on each revolution. Data were transmitted in real time by means of an FM / AM the satellite's telemetry system and were recorded by the stations on the Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network (STADAN) tracking network.[6]

Solrad 8

Mission type	Solar science
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	1965-093A
SATCAT no.	1738
Mission duration	Unknown
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	Naval Research Lab
Launch mass	56.7 kilograms (125 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date	November 19, 1965, 22:11:30 (1965-11-19UTC22:11:30Z) UTC [1][2]
Rocket	Scout X-4
Launch site	Wallops LA-3
End of mission
Last contact	August 1967 (1967-09)
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric[3]
Regime	Circular orbit
Eccentricity	0.01302
Perigee altitude	704 kilometers (437 mi)
Apogee altitude	891 kilometers (554 mi)
Inclination	59.7 degrees
Period	100.8 minutes
Epoch	19 November 1965, 04:48:00 UTC
Explorers ← Explorer 29 Explorer 31 →   SOLRAD ← Solrad 7B Solrad 9 →

Eclipse 1966

The satellite observed the solar eclipse on 20 May 1966.[7] This observation may have been the first observation of a solar eclipse by an artificial satellite.[7]

Mission

The satellite performed normally, except for the spin system, which failed to maintain 60 rpm (at spin rates below 10 rpm data reduction became difficult). The spin rate gradually decreased to 4 rpm on 12 September 1966. At that time, ground command succeeded in reactivating spinup to 78 rpm, which exhausted the gas supply. From this point, the spin rate gradually decreased to 10 rpm in August 1967, when data collection was substantially decreased.[6]

The satellite performed normally, except for the spin system,[8] which failed to maintain 60 rpm (at spin rates below 10 rpm data reduction became difficult). The spin rate gradually decreased to 4 rpm on September 12, 1966.[9] At that time, ground command succeeded in reactivating spinup to 78 rpm, which exhausted the gas supply. From this point, the spin rate gradually decreased to 10 rpm in August 1967, when data collection was substantially decreased.[10]

Experiment

Solar X-Ray and Ultraviolet Monitor

This experiment was designed to monitor solar X-ray and ultraviolet emissions with a set of standardized detectors so that the data could be compared directly with that produced by other experiments in the SOLRAD series. Eight ion chambers and two Geiger counters covering the spectral regions from 0.5 A to 60 A and 1080 A to 1350 A were mounted perpendicular to the satellite spin axis. Analog outputs from the detectors were transmitted continuously on six IRIG telemetry channels. The experiment provided good data for all detectors from 27 November 1965 to 24 August 1967, with the following exceptions: (1) the Lyman-alpha detector and the UV detectors were saturated for normal aspect angles, (2) the core memory failed at launch so that the data were collected in real-time telemetry only, and (3) a gradual decrease in spin rate caused the aspect angle to drift away from normal in the second year of operation.[11]

See also

• Explorers program

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

External links

• http://www.techarchive.org/solrad-satellites/
• NSSDC Solrad 8 data collections

На других языках

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[de] Solrad 8

Solrad 8 (auch bekannt als SE-A, und Explorer 30) war einer der Satelliten des SOLRAD-Programms (englisch solar radiation: Sonnenstrahlung) des United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), in dem ab 1960 die Strahlung der Sonne mithilfe von Photometern kontinuierlich aufgezeichnet wurde. Die Spin-Achse des spinstabilisierten Satelliten war senkrecht zur Linie zwischen der Sonne und dem Satelliten ausgerichtet, so dass die 14 radial angeordneten Röntgen- und Ultraviolett-Photometer[2] die Sonne trotz der Eigendrehung des Satelliten stets beobachten konnten. Die gesammelten Daten wurden vom Telemetriesystem des Satelliten in Echtzeit an die Stationen des STADAN-Netzwerks auf der Erde übertragen.

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- [en] SOLRAD 8

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