The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite ('GOSAT), also known as Ibuki (Japanese: いぶき, Hepburn: Ibuki, meaning "breath"[4]), is an Earth observation satellite and the world's first satellite dedicated to greenhouse gas monitoring.[5] It measures the densities of carbon dioxide and methane from 56,000 locations on the Earth's atmosphere.[6] The GOSAT was developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and launched on 23 January 2009, from the Tanegashima Space Center.[6] Japan's Ministry of the Environment, and the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) [7] use the data to track gases causing the greenhouse effect, and share the data with NASA and other international scientific organizations.[5]

Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

Model of GOSAT at Tsukuba Space Center Space Dome
Names	Ibuki
Mission type	Environmental
Operator	JAXA
COSPAR ID	2009-002A
SATCAT no.	33492
Website	global.jaxa.jp/projects/sat/gosat/index.html
Mission duration	5 years (planned) Elapsed: 13 years, 8 months, 15 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer	Mitsubishi Electric
Launch mass	1,750 kilograms (3,860 lb)[1]
Power	3.8 kilowatts[1]
Start of mission
Launch date	23 January 2009, 03:54 (2009-01-23UTC03:54) UTC
Rocket	H-IIA-202 F15
Launch site	Tanegashima, Yoshinobu 1
Contractor	Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth[2]
Perigee altitude	674 kilometres (419 mi)[3]
Apogee altitude	676 kilometres (420 mi)[3]
Inclination	98.06° [3]
Period	98.12 minutes[3]
Mean motion	14.68[3]
Epoch	25 January 2015, 03:12:11 UTC[3]
Main Instrument
Wavelengths	12900 - 13200 cm−1/ 5800 - 6400 cm−1/ 4800 - 5200 cm−1/ 700 - 1800 cm−1(FTS)[1]
Resolution	0.2 cm−1 (FTS)
Instruments
TANSO-FTS - Infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer TANSO-CAI - Thermal and Near-Infrared Sensor

Launch

GOSAT was launched along with seven other piggyback probes using the H-IIA, Japan's primary large-scale expendable launch system, at 3:54 am on 23 January 2009 UTC on Tanegashima, a small island in southern Japan, after a two-day delay due to unfavourable weather.[6][5] At approximately 16 minutes after liftoff, the separation of Ibuki from the launch rocket was confirmed.[8]

Instruments

According to JAXA, the Ibuki satellite is equipped with a greenhouse gas observation sensor (TANSO-FTS) and a cloud/aerosol sensor (TANSO-CAI) that supplements TANSO-FTS. The greenhouse gas observation sensor of Ibuki observes a wide range of wavelengths (near-infrared region–thermal infrared region) within the infrared band to enhance observation accuracy.[8] The satellite uses a spectrometer to measure different elements and compounds based on their response to certain types of light. This technology allows the satellite to measure "the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at a super-high resolution."[9]

GOSAT-2

The Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite-2 or GOSAT-2, also known as IBUKI-2 (COSPAR 2018-084B) was launched from Tanegashima Space Center by a H-IIA rocket on October 29, 2018.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2
• Space-based Measurements of Carbon Dioxide

References

External links

• GOSAT site by JAXA
• GOSAT site by NIES
• GOSAT-2 site by NIES

На других языках

[de] Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite

[es] Ibuki (satélite)

[ru] Ibuki